Integration of Data from Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation Databases Highlights Concentration and Dosage Sensitivity of LLPS Drivers

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a molecular process that leads to the formation of membraneless organelles, representing functionally specialized liquid-like cellular condensates formed by proteins and nucleic acids. Integrating the data on LLPS-associated proteins from dedicated databases revealed only modest agreement between them and yielded a high-confidence dataset of 89 human LLPS drivers. Analysis of the supporting evidence for our dataset uncovered a systematic and potentially concerning difference between protein concentrations used in a good fraction of the in vitro LLPS experiments, a key parameter that governs the phase behavior, and the proteomics-derived cellular abundance levels of the corresponding proteins. Closer scrutiny of the underlying experimental data enabled us to offer a sound rationale for this systematic difference, which draws on our current understanding of the cellular organization of the proteome and the LLPS process. In support of this rationale, we find that genes coding for our human LLPS drivers tend to be dosage-sensitive, suggesting that their cellular availability is tightly regulated to preserve their functional role in direct or indirect relation to condensate formation. Our analysis offers guideposts for increasing agreement between in vitro and in vivo studies, probing the roles of proteins in LLPS.     

基于剪切带扩展法的海底斜坡稳定性分析

简介剪切带扩展法（SBP）的原理及其在海底滑坡稳定性分析的应用;以舟山六横岛典型海底斜坡为分析案例,开展基于高斯函数的SBP和极限平衡法（LEM）斜坡稳定性对比分析研究;进行SBP输入参数对剪切带扩展系数R的敏感度分析. 研究结果显示,对于斜坡剪切带破坏长度,当剪切带扩展系数R不大于1时,LEM与SBP得到的滑坡滑裂面区域一致,当R大于1时,SBP计算得到的最终滑动区域比LEM计算得到的区域大;在斜坡发生滑动破坏区域SBP比LEM计算得到的安全系数低;地震影响因素和土体特征位移对R的影响较大.     

模块化多电平换流器型多端高压直流输电控制参数优化方法

针对模块化多电平换流器型多端直流(MMC-MTDC)输电系统的稳定性受不同换流站控制系统之间相互作用的影响,不恰当的控制参数可能会降低MMC-MTDC系统的稳定裕度问题,提出一种MMC-MTDC控制参数的优化方法以提升系统的稳定裕度。首先,建立包括MMC主回路、控制系统、交流系统与直流系统的MMC-MTDC小信号模型。其次,建立以特征值为目标函数的控制参数优化问题,并提出一种基于参数灵敏度的控制参数优化算法。在优化过程中,采用回溯直线搜索(BLS)计算每次迭代的搜索步长。最后,在一个三端MMC-MTDC系统中应用所提出的控制参数优化方法进行稳定性分析与时域仿真,并与粒子群算法进行比较。结果表明所提出的MMC-MTDC控制参数优化方法能够有效提升系统的稳定裕度,且在优化结果与优化效率具有一定的优越性。     

6UPS并联机构杆长误差标定及其对动平台运动的影响分析

分析了不同误差对并联机构的影响,尤其是杆长误差对动平台姿态误差的影响.建立了采用并联机构运动学反解模型的矢量法误差求解模型;针对6UPS并联刀具机构的结构特点,使用支链分析方法,对由杆长误差引起的动平台误差变化趋势及变化的敏感性方向进行了分析.使用激光干涉仪完成了误差测量实验,使用多组姿态数据的不同组合进行误差计算,获得了优化的杆长误差数据.完成了杆长误差对动平台误差变化影响的数值分析与矢量合成两种方法的验证.     

重力坝弹性参数反演的灵敏度分析及一种新的反演算法

依据结构灵敏度分析理论,采用基于有限单元法的解析灵敏度分析方法,对影响重力坝材料参数反演质量的位移观测点位置进行了研究,得到了坝顶位移最适合于反演大坝弹性模量的结论。同时引入一种新的群集智能优化方法—人工鱼群算法（AFSA）,根据大坝坝顶的增量位移进行混凝土大坝和坝基岩石材料参数的反演。算例分析表明：AFSA能够稳定快速地收敛到所求参数的全局最优值;同时加入不同水平的噪音对该算法的数值稳定性进行了研究,结果表明算法稳定性良好。     

湖南省露地黄瓜霜霉病菌对七种杀菌剂的敏感度研究

为筛选高效防控露地栽培黄瓜的黄瓜霜霉病防控药剂,采用叶盘漂浮法测定了黄瓜霜霉病菌对7种杀菌剂的敏感度,并以茎叶喷雾法评估了这7种杀菌剂对露地黄瓜上黄瓜霜霉病的田间防效。结果表明,湖南省不同地区采集的黄瓜霜霉病菌对7种杀菌剂的敏感度具有明显差异,其中对双炔酰菌胺的敏感度最高,EC₅₀值为0.41±0.053 mg/L;对霜霉威的敏感度最低,EC₅₀值为28.62±0.78 mg/L。7种杀菌剂的推荐剂量对露地栽培黄瓜的黄瓜霜霉病均具有较好的防控效果,在湖南露地栽培的黄瓜,可轮换使用敏感度高的杀菌剂氟吡菌胺、氟啶胺、氟硅唑和双炔酰菌胺。     

3D Prussian blue/Pt decorated carbon nanofibers based screen-printed microchips for the ultrasensitive hydroquinone biosensing

Nowadays,water pollution has become more serious,greatly affecting human life and healthy.Electrochemical biosensor,a novel and rapid detection technique,plays an important role in the real-time and trace detection of water pollutants.However,the stability and sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors remain a great challenge for practical detections in real samples to the strong interferences derived from complex components and coagulation effects.In this work,we reported a novel three-dimensional architecture of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)/ Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) composite film,using 3D interweaved carbon nanofibers as a supporting matrix,for the construction of screen-printed microchips-based biosensor.PtNPs with diameters of～2.5 nm was highly dispersed on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to build a 3D skeleton nanostructure through a solvothermal reduction.Subsequently,uniform PBNPs were in-situ self-assembled on this skeleton to construct a 3D architecture of PB/Pt-CNF composite film.Due to the synergistic effects derived from this special feature,the as-prepared hydro-quinone (HQ) biosensor chips can synchronously promote both surface area and conductivity to greatly enhance the electrocatalysis from enzymatic reaction.This biosensor has exhibited a high sensitivity of 220.28 μA·L·mmol-1·cm-2 with an ultrawide linear range from 2.5μmol·L-1 to 1.45 mmol·L-1 at a low potential of 0.15 V,as well as the satisfactory reproducibility and usage stability.Besides,its accuracy was also verified in the assays of real water samples.It is highly expected that the 3D PB/Pt-CNF based screen-printed microchips will have wide applications in dynamic monitoring and early warning of ana-lytes in the various practical fields.     

基于灵敏度分析的电力系统无功优化方法研究

无功功率合理优化可以降低网损,提高系统运行经济性。本文基于灵敏度分析提出无功功率优化方法,可以快速调节系统无功功率,方法简单有效。通过计算各无功可调节点对网损的实时灵敏度,根据灵敏度计算结果调节无功功率,可以有效减少系统有功网损。最后,通过某实际系统算例验证了本文方法。     

高弹性MXene/TPU纳米纤维纱线的制备及其应变传感性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)纳米纤维膜,并通过“Biscrolling”的方法制备高弹性过渡金属碳化物/氮化物（Ti3C2Tx MXene）改性TPU纳米纤维纱线。通过SEM、电阻测试、传感性能测试等对复合纳米纤维纱线进行结构和性能表征。结果显示,随着MXene负载量增加,复合纱线的强度先增加后降低,断裂伸长率可高达459%以上,展现出优异的弹性和弹性回复性;MXene片可在纳米纤维纱线表面及内部形成连续导电薄膜,赋予复合纱线较好的导电性（电阻76 Ω/cm）。纱线的应变传感性能测定实验表明,MXene/TPU纳米纤维纱线的传感系数可高达477.86,线性度高达0.995,高于绝大多数文献报道的纱线传感器,并且可以监测人体的各种运动状态,展现出较好的应变传感性能,在智能可穿戴领域展现出广泛的应用前景。     

Recent Update on the Molecular Mechanisms of Gonadal Steroids Action in Adipose Tissue

The gonadal steroids, including androgens, estrogens and progestogens, are involved in the control of body fat distribution in humans. Nevertheless, not only the size and localization of the fat depots depend on the sex steroids levels, but they can also highly affect the functioning of adipose tissue. Namely, the gonadocorticoids can directly influence insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, fatty acid uptake and adipokine production. They may also alter energy balance and glucose homeostasis in adipocytes in an indirect way, e.g., by changing the expression level of aquaglyceroporins. This work presents the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanism of how the gonadal steroids influence the functioning of adipose tissue leading to a set of detrimental metabolic consequences. Special attention is given here to highlighting the sexual dimorphism of adipocyte functioning in terms of health and disease. Particularly, we discuss the molecular background of metabolic disturbances occurring in consequence of hormonal imbalance which is characteristic of some common endocrinopathies such as the polycystic ovary syndrome. From this perspective, we highlight the potential drug targets and the active substances which can be used in personalized sex-specific management of metabolic diseases, in accord with the patient’s hormonal status.